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Modern Architecture

Modern architecture is a style generally characterized by simplification without any ornamental structures to the building. It was first originated in United States and Europe and spread across the rest of the world. This new architectural style began at the turn of 20^th century. In many western countries this style emerged in the decade after World War 1. But it gains popularity after the 2^nd world war. Many influential architects and architectural educators adopted architectural modernism as a subject, and continues as a dominant architectural style for institutional and corporate buildings into 21^st century. By 1920 there was an increasingly wide understanding that building forms must be determined by their functions and materials if they were to achieve intrinsic significance or beauty in contemporary terms, without resorting to traditional ornament. “Form and materials” comes out at this time. “The style” evolves during 1950. At this time architecture was criticized for its sterility, its institutional anonymity, and its disregard traditions. After 1960, a less evolutionary and more revolutionary critical reaction happened to modern architecture. Architects have become more concerned with context and tradition. Modernization of architecture is driven by technological and engineering development.

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Modern architects apply scientific and analytical method to design. It emerged from the use of modern materials, technical transformations, the principles of functionalist planning, and the rejection of cultural historic ornament. In its most abstract form, architecture has, of course, played a certain role in the impoverishment of the environment – particularly where it has been instrumental in the rationalization of both building types and methods, and where both the material finish and plan form have been reduced to their lowest common denominator, in order to make production cheaper and to optimize use.

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Glass, Steel, Concrete are commonly used material for architectural purpose. According to International Style Glass is used for the façade, Steel for interior support, and Concrete for the floors and interior supports. The floor plans are always logical and functional. The availability of new materials brought about new building techniques as part of the industrial revolution.

The one country which has always been inadequately represented in any account of the International Style is Czechoslovakia. Traditional ideas always differ with modern technique. Some designers believe that architect should design everything which is necessary for society and helpful for our environment. Now a day’s environment is the greatest concern for the architect. Architectural foundation which is not suitable for nature must be avoided. Architects began to build low-cost housing, airports, rail stations, factories and commercial spaces. New method of architectural technique reduces the cost and labor. By following this method we can build a large building in a short area, sometime which is self sufficient. Now people find unique architectural structure in every sector of his life. Modern civilization is dependent on modern architectural element and buildings. Some examples of contemporary modern architecture are Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove, California; Tour Total in the Paris suburb Courbevoie Borgata in Atlantic City; Eureka Tower in Melbourne Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago.